Let’s studying Grammar.
GERUNDS: INTRODUCTION
A gerund is the –ing form of verb used as a
noun ( gerund adalah kata kerja bentuk –ing/present participle
yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda). Gerund is used in the same ways as anoun, as
a subject or an object.
1.
Contoh gerund sebagai Subject :
Smoking is not good for our
health.
s
v
Fising needs patience.
s v
Playing tennis is fun.
s v
Jika kita lihat contoh di atas terutama kata yang dicetak
tebal maka itulah gerund sebagai subjek kalimat. Smoking, fising dan playing
berasal dari verb. (kata kerja) yang mempunyai fungsi sama seperti Noun (kata
benda).
2.
Contoh gerund sebagai objek kalimat.
We enjoy playing tennis.
s v o
I enjoy living in this
city.
s
v o
3.
Kata kerja yang diikuti gerund:
Admit
|
Finish
|
Recollect
|
Avoid
|
Forget
|
Regret
|
Advise
|
Can’t help
|
Remember
|
Anticipate
|
Keep
|
Resent
|
Appreciate
|
Mention
|
Resist
|
Complete
|
Mind
|
Risk
|
Consider
|
Miss
|
Stop
|
Delay
|
Postpone
|
Suggest
|
Deny
|
Practice
|
Tolerate
|
Discuss
|
Quit
|
understand
|
Dislike
|
Recall
|
|
Enjoy
|
Finish
|
Contoh : She advised waiting
until tomorrow.
We
enjoy living in this tiny village
4.
Gerund juga dapat diletakan sesudah possesive
adjective lho....
My, your, his, her, our their.
Her leaving made me sad.
I could hear her crying.
My refusing to help made him disappointed.
5.
Gerund juga dapat diletakan sesudah kata depan
(preposition) mari kita lihat contohnya:
Jane is thinking of going
to Japan next month.
My father has given up smoking.
She is afraid of meeting
her boss in the office.
I am interested in seeing
this film.
My sister is fond of dancing.
There is possibility of meeting
him tomorrow.
I have no reason for leaving
his village.
6.
Sesudah kata go dan come, kata kerja yang menunjukan
sesuatu kegiatan fisik atau rekreasi.
Go boating
Go dancing
Go jogging
Go shopping
Go swimming
|
Go bowling
Go fishing
Go riding
Go sightseeing
Go shooting
|
Go camping
Go hiking
Go running
Go skating
Go golfing
|
Go canoeing
Go hunting
Go sailing
Go sledding
Go window shopping
|
Father usually goes hunting on Sunday
morning.
Do you like going shooting in the
forest?
How often does she go fishing with his
friends?
7.
Gerund juga digunakan untuk menunjukan larangan
(prohibition)
No parking
No smoking
No fishing
No camping
No spitting (dilarang meludah)
No trespassing (dilarang masuk tanpa
izin)
TO INFINITIVES:
Ada beberapa fungsi dan penggunaan to infinitive di dalam
kalimat yakni sebagai berikut:
1.
Sebagai subject:
To study hard makes us clever.
2.
Setelah kata kerja tertentu:
Some
verbs are followed immediately by an infinitive, example:
Verb + infinitive
a)
I hope to see you again soon.
b)
He promissed to be here by soon.
c)
He promised not to be late.
3.
Setelah objek pelaku
Verb + pronoun + infinitive
a)
Mr.Lee told me to be here at ten o’clock.
b)
The police ordered the driver to stop.
Verbs followed by an infinitive
Afford
Agree
Appear
Arrange
Ask
Beg
Care
Claim
Consent
Decide
Demand
Deserve
Expect
fail
Forget
Hesitate
Hope
Learn
|
Manage
Mean
Need
Offer
Plan
Prepare
Pretend
Promise
Refuse
Regret
Remember
Seem
Threaten
Volunteer
Wait
Want
wish
|
Example:
1.
I want to tell you something.
2.
I will wait to hear from you.
3.
I remembered to lock the door.
Verbs followed by a pronoun + an
infinitive:
Advise
Allow
Ask
Beg
Cause
Challenge
|
Remind
Expect
Forbid
Teach
Tell
want
|
Example:
1. I want you to be
happy.
2. My brother taught me to swim.
4.
Setelah kata sifat (adjective)
1.
She is clever to study hard.
2.
He is careful to finish his job.
EXERCISES: Supply the corect form (to infinitive or
gerund) of the verb in parentheses to the following sentences.
1.
I remember ...London when I was six years old. (visit)
2.
Don’t forget ... the front door before you leave. (lock)
3.
I regret ... you that your brother has just got an
accident. (tell)
4.
Keep ... I’m listening to you. (talk)
5.
Linda offered ... my cat while I was out of town. (look
after)
6.
You shouldn’t put off ... your bill. (pay)
7.
Alex’s dog loves ... sticks. (chase)
8.
Did you remember ... the stove (turn off)
9.
I hate ... any living being suffer. I can’t bear it.
(see)
10.
We’re going out for dinner. Would you like ... us? (join)
